Information & Communications Technology Law: Platform Liability, Hate Speech and The Fundamental Right to Free Speech

ABSTRACT In contemporary society, the rise of social media has dramatically transformed the sharing of information, bypassing traditional editorial and governmental controls. This shift has enabled rapid global information sharing but also raised concerns about the influence of social media platforms, even in democratic societies. Legislative responses, such as Germany’s Network Enforcement Act of 2017, […]

Our Submission to The Meta Oversight Board on Policies Regarding Expression about Gender Identity

Background The Future of Free Speech (FoFS)1 is an independent, nonpartisan think tank located at Vanderbilt University. We work to restore a resilient global culture of free speech in the digital age through knowledge, research, and advocacy. FoFS’ comment focuses on the following issues identified by the Oversight Board: The impacts of Meta’s Hate Speech […]

Preventing “Torrents of Hate” or Stifling Free Expression Online?

An Assessment of Social Media Content Removal in France, Germany, and Sweden The over-removal of legal content on social media platforms raises concerns about the chilling effect on free expression and the potential suppression of legitimate discourse online. This report found that a substantial majority (87.5% to 99.7%) of deleted comments on Facebook and YouTube […]

The Future of Free Speech Submission to Meta’s Oversight Board on “From the River to the Sea”

Background The Future of Free Speech (FoFS) is an independent, non-partisan think tank located at Vanderbilt University. FoFS’ comment focuses on some of the issues identified by the Oversight Board and particularly Meta’s human rights responsibilities in relation to using the phrase “From the river to the sea”, including freedom of expression, freedom of association, […]

Report: Freedom of Expression in Generative AI – A Snapshot of Content Policies

Download the report   By Jacob Mchangama and Jordi Calvet-Bademunt Summary Anyone who has tested generative AI with slightly controversial issues is now familiar with expressions such as “I’m unable to help you with that” (Google’s Gemini). Or “I’m not able to generate content that takes a stand on controversial historical or political issues” (Inflection’s […]

Scope Creep: An Assessment of 8 Social Media Platforms’ Hate Speech Policies

Scope Creep: An Assessment of 8 Social Media Platforms’ Hate Speech Policies   SUMMARY At the turn of the 21st century, academics, civil society organizations, and governments hailed the promise of the Internet to eliminate any centralized control over speech. A few short decades later, however, this tech utopianism has disappeared. Dominant social media platforms […]

Article: The Internet, Internet Intermediaries and Hate Speech – Freedom of Expression in Decline?

By Natalie Alkiviadou Abstract This paper looks at the developments of hate speech regulation online, specifically its horizontalization, with private companies increasingly ruling on the permissibility levels of speech, placing the right to free speech at peril. To elucidate issues at stake, the paper will look at the meaning of hate speech, the online landscape […]

International journal of Human Rights: Artificial intelligence and online hate speech moderation

Justitias Natalie Alkiviadou in International journal of Human Rights “Whilst automated mechanisms can assist human moderators by picking up on potentially hateful speech, they should not be solely responsible for removing hate speech. Biased training data sets, the lack of relevant data and the lack of conceptualization of context and nuance can lead to wrong […]

Report: The Wild West? Illegal comments on Facebook

Read the report (Sorry, only in Danish) Summary of the report This report investigates the extent of illegal comments on selected Danish Facebook pages. On the basis of a representative sample, the report estimates that one out of 15,000 comments on Danish Facebook pages constitutes a hate crime. In particular, a representative segment of 63 […]

A Framework of First Reference – Decoding a Human Rights Approach to content moderation on social media

A Framework of First Reference – Decoding a Human Rights Approach to content moderation on social media SUMMARY 4.66 billion people have Internet access, and 4.20 billion are active social media users. Despite the unprecedented scale and ease with which information and opinions are shared globally, Internet freedom is seen more and more as both […]